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| Muscle | Origin | Insertion | Action | Nerve |
| Superficial Palmar Fascia |
| palmaris brevis | flexor retinaculum & palmar aponeurosis | skin of ulnar border of palm | tenses skin on ulnar side (used in a grip action) | ulnar nerve (C8, T1) |
| Thenar Eminence |
| abductor pollicis brevis | tubercles of scaphoid & trapezium (also flexor retinaculum) | base of proximal phalanx of thumb (lateral side) | abduction of thumb (at CMC joint) | median nerve (C8, T1) |
| flexor pollicis brevis | trapezium & flexor retinaculum | base of proximal phalanx of thumb (lateral side) | flexion of thumb (at MCP joint) | median & ulnar nerves (C8, T1) |
| opponens pollicis | flexor retinaculum & trapezium | 1st metacarpal (anterior lateral border) | opposition of thumb to fingers | median nerve (C8, T1) |
| Hypothenar Eminence |
| abductor digiti minimi (hand) | pisiform & tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris | base of proximal phalanx of little finger (ulnar side) | abduction of little finger (at CMC & MCP) | ulnar nerve (C8,T1) |
| flexor digiti minimi (hand) | flexor retinaculum & hook of hamate | base of proximal phalanx of little finger (ulnar side) | flexion of little finger (at MCP joint) | ulnar nerve (C8, T1) |
| opponens digiti minimi | flexor retinaculum & hook of hamate | 5th metacarpal (anterior & medial surface) | opposition of little finger | ulnar nerve (C8, T1) |
| Central Compartment of Hand |
| adductor pollicis | oblique head: base of 2nd & 3rd metacarpals & capitate; transverse head: 3rd metacarpal (distal anterior 2/3) | base of proximal phalanx of thumb (medial side) | adduction of thumb (CMC joint); flexion of thumb (MCP joint) | ulnar nerve (C8, T1) |
| lumbricals (hand) | distal tendons of flexor digitorum profundus; #1 & #2 have a single head of origin (from radial aspect of tendon); #3 & #4 have two heads of origin (each head from an adjacent tendon) | extensor expansion hood of digits 2-5 | flexion fingers (MCP joints); extension of fingers (PIPs & DIP) | 1 & 2 - median nerve (C8, T1); 3 & 4 - ulnar nerve (C8, T1) |
| palmar interossei | metacarpals #2, #4 & #5 | base of proximal phalanx of digit #2, #4, #5 & extensor hood of same digit(s) | adduction of fingers (hint: PAD); flexion of fingers (at MCP while IP joints are extended) | ulnar nerve (C8, T1) |
| dorsal interossei (hand) | between each metacarpal | base of proximal phalanx of fingers #2, #3, #4 & extensor hood of same digit(s) | abduction of fingers (hint: DAB); flexion of fingers (MCP while IP joints are extended) | ulnar nerve (C8, T1) |
Vertebral Column