Assessment

EVALUATE YOUR PATIENTS EFFECTIVELY

ROM | Palpation | Muscle Testing | Special Tests

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ORTHOPEDIC ASSESSMENT
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Head & Neck

Range of Motion

  1. Flexion 80-90°
  2. Extension 60-70°
  3. Lateral Flexion 20-45°
  4. Rotation 70-90°
  5. TMJ 35-50 mm opening

 

Palpation

  1. Mandible – TMJ
  2. Zygomatic arch/cheeks
  3. Masseter/Parotids
  4. Salivary glands & lymph nodes
  5. Suprahyoid muscles
  6. SCM & Mastoid processes
  7. Temporal & carotid pulse
  8. Scalp & hair
  9. Ears & eye lids
  10. Upper trapezius
  11. Levatorscapulae
  12. Occipitalis & EOP
  13. Splenius capitis
  14. Semispinalis capitis
  15. Suboccipitals
  16. Muscles of facial expression
  17. Muscles of mastication
  18. Oral cavity (gloved hand)
  19. Facet joints / Articular pillars
  20. SPs & upper rib motion

Read Muscle Manual – Head Neck

  1. Alar Ligament Stress Test
  2. Bakody’s Sign/Shoulder Abduction
  3. Brachial Plexus Compression Test
  4. Brachial Plexus Stretch Test
  5. Brudzinski’s Sign
  6. Cervical Compression Test
  7. Cervical Distraction Test
  8. Jull’s/Neck Flexor Endurance Test
  9. Lateral Shear Test
  10. L’hermitte’s / Cervical Hyperflexion
  11. Naffzinger’s Test
  12. Rust’s Sign
  13. Scalene Cramp Test
  14. Sharp-Purser Test
  15. Shoulder Depression
  16. TMJ Assessment
  17. Soto-Hall Test
  18. Swivel Chair (dizziness) Test
  19. TMJ 3 Knuckle Test
  20. Transverse Ligament Stress Test
  21. Valsalva Maneuver
  22. Vertebral Basilar Artery Tests
  23. Upper Limb Tension Tests


Read Orthopedic Assessment – Head Neck

Shoulder & Arm

Range of Motion

  1. Flexion 160-180°
  2. Extension 50-60°
  3. Med./lat. rotation 90°/80°
  4. Abduction 180°
  5. Adduction 35°
  6. Horizontal Add./Abd. 130°/45°
  7. Scapulohumeral (humerus: scapula) 120°:60° (2:1)

Palpation

  1. Trapezius & rhomboids
  2. Levator scapulae
  3. Scalenes
  4. Thoracic outlet
  5. C-spine, T-spine & ribs
  6. Deltoid muscle
  7. Supraspinatus
  8. Infraspinatus
  9. Teres minor
  10. AC & SC joint
  11. GH joint / rotator cuff
  12. Teres major
  13. Latissimus dorsi
  14. Subscapularis
  15. Serratus anterior
  16. Triceps brachii
  17. Pectoralis major & minor
  18. Coracoid process
  19. Coracobrachialis
  20. Biceps brachii & brachialis
  21. Bicipital groove
  22. Radial groove

Read Muscle Manual – Shoulder Arm

Elbow Wrist Hand

Range of Motion

  1. Flexion 80-90°
  2. Extension 70-90°
  3. Ulnar Flexion 30-45°
  4. Radial Flexion 15°
  5. Supination 85°-90°
  6. Pronation 85°-90°
  7. Fingers
    1. Flexion (2-5 MCP) 90°
    2. Extension (MP) 40°
    3. Abduction 20°
    4. Adduction 20°
  8. PIP joint
    1. Flexion 100°
    2. Extension 0°
  9. DIP joint
    1. Flexion 80°
    2. Extension 10°

Palpation

  1. Medial epicondyle
  2. Ulnar groove
  3. Wrist flexors
  4. Pronator teres
  5. Lateral epicondyle
  6. Wrist extensors
  7. Thumb extensors
  8. Interossei
  9. Thenar/hypothenar pad
  10. Carpal tunnel
  11. Tunnel of Guyon (ulnar)
  12. Anatomic snuff box
  13. Metacarpals 1-5
  14. Thumb (#1)
  15. Finger (#2-5)
  16. Scaphoid
  17. Lunate, Triquetrum
  18. Pisiform
  19. Dorsal (Lister’s) tubercle
  20. Trapezium, Trapezoid
  21. Capitate
  22. Hamate (hook)
  23. Ulnar/radial styloids
  24. Triangular fibrocartilage
  25. Collateral ligaments

Read Muscle Manual – Forearm Wrist Hand

  1. Valgus stress test
  2. Varus stress test
  3. Tinel’s at the elbow
  4. Cozen’s test
  5. Mill’s test
  6. Pronator teres test
  7. Finkelstein’s test
  8. Phalen’s test
  9. Retinacular test
  10. Tinel’s Sign
  11. Reverse Phalen’s test
  12. Froments Sign
  13. Allen test
  14. Cap refill test
  15. Load test for TFCC


Read Orthopedic Assessment – Elbow Wrist Hand

Thoracic & Torso

Range of Motion

  1. Active range of motion (thoracic)
  2. Flexion……………20-45° (Adam’s sign for scoliosis)
  3. Extension……….25-45°
  4. Lateral flexion…20-40°
  5. Rotation………….35-50°

Palpation

  1. SPs & TPs T1-L5
  2. Erector spinae
  3. Upper ribs
  4. Lower ribs
  5. Scapulae
  6. Trapezius
  7. Rhomboids
  8. Latissimus dorsi
  9. Quadratus lumborum
  10. Sternum / clavicle
  11. Supraclavicular fossa
  12. Axilla (anterior & posterior)
  13. Lymph nodes
  14. Pectoralis major/minor
  15. Sternoclavicular joint
  16. Sternocostal joints
  17. Abdominal muscles
  18. Diaphragm
  19. Abdominal viscera
  20. Abdominal aorta
  21. Ilium & sacrum

Read Muscle Manual – Thoracic Torso

  1. Adam’s sign
  2. Dural Slump
  3. Scapular approximation
  4. Adson’s
  5. Halstead’s
  6. Wright’s hyperabduction
  7. Military brace test

Read Orthopedic Assessment – Thoracic Torso

Lumbar & Pelvis

Range of Motion

  1. Flexion 40-60°
  2. Extension 20-35°
  3. Lateral Flexion 15-20°
  4. Rotation 3-18°
  5. SI – Flexion/Extension 0-10°
  6. SI – Int./external rotation 0-10°

Palpation

  1. SPs & TPs T1-L5
  2. Erector spinae
  3. Upper ribs
  4. Lower ribs
  5. Scapulae
  6. Trapezius
  7. Rhomboids
  8. Latissimus dorsi
  9. Quadratus lumborum
  10. Sternum / clavicle
  11. Supraclavicular fossa
  12. Axilla (anterior & posterior)
  13. Lymph nodes
  14. Pectoralis major/minor
  15. Sternoclavicular joint
  16. Sternocostal joints
  17. Abdominal muscles
  18. Diaphragm
  19. Abdominal viscera
  20. Abdominal aorta
  21. Ilium & sacrum
  22. Sacrotuberous & Sacrospinous ligament
  23. SI joint

Read Muscle Manual – Lumbar Pelvis

  1. Straight leg raise (Laseque)
  2. Braggard’s test
  3. Bechterew’s (seated SLR)
  4. Belt test (SI vs lumbar)
  5. Kernig’s (Dural Slump)
  6. Burns Bench test
  7. Kemp’s (Quadrant)
  8. Lindner’s test
  9. Hoover test (malingering)
  10. Milgram test (leg lift test)
  11. Minor’s Sign
  12. Valsalva
  13. Murphy’s punch (kidney)


Read Orthopedic Assessment – Lumbar SI

Hip & Thigh

Range of Motion

  1. Flexion (straight leg) ~90°
  2. Flexion (bent knee) ~120°
  3. Extension 10-15°
  4. Abduction 30-50°
  5. Adduction 30°
  6. Medial rotation 30-40°
  7. Lateral rotation 40-60°

Palpation

  1. TFL/ Iliotibial band (ITB)
  2. SI joint
  3. Sacrotub./spinous lig.
  4. Greater trochanter
  5. Ischial tuberosity
  6. L-spine/sacrum
  7. Gluteus max./med.
  8. Piriformis
  9. Sciatic nerve
  10. Hamstrings
  11. Popliteal fossa
  12. Gastrocnemius heads
  13. ASIS/iliac crest
  14. Iliopsoas
  15. Pubic symphysis
  16. Inguinal lig./nodes
  17. Femoral triangle & artery
  18. Adductor muscles
  19. Abdomen
  20. Quadriceps
  21. Patella (facets, bursa)
  22. Patellar ligament
  23. Tibial tuberosity
  24. Pes anserine
  25. Med./lat. knee joint/meniscus
  26. Med./lat. femoral condyle
  27. Medial & lateral collateral ligs.

Read Muscle Manual – Hip Thigh

  1. Allis/Skyline view
  2. Gaenslen-Thomas test
  3. Hibbs (prone gapping)
  4. Leg length discrepancy
  5. Nachla’s/Ely’s test
  6. Noble’s compression test
  7. Ober’s test
  8. Ortolani click
  9. Patrick’s test
  10. Piriformis test
  11. Scouring test (Quadrant)
  12. SI joint play (AS & PI)
  13. Trendelenburg test
  14. Yeoman’s test


Read Orthopedic Assessment – Hip Thigh

Knee

Range of Motion

  1. Flexion 130°-150°
  2. Extension 0-15°
  3. Medial rotation* 20-30°
  4. Lateral rotation* 30-40°

*knee must be flexed 90º to allow rotation

Palpation

  1. Valgus/Varus stress test
  2. Lachman’s test
  3. Anterior/posterior drawer
  4. Apley’s comp./dist. test
  5. Apley’s distraction test
  6. Bounce home test
  7. Patellar apprehension
  8. Patellar grind test
  9. Clark’s test
  10. McMurray’s test
  11. Nobel’s test
  12. Rinne test (knee)
  13. Disco/Thessaly test


Read Orthopedic Assessment – Knee

Leg Ankle Foot

Range of Motion

  1. Plantar flexion 50°
  2. Dorsiflexion 20°
  3. Inversion 45-60°
  4. Eversion 15-30°
  5. Metatarsophalangeal
  6. MTP – Flexion 75°
  7. MTP – Extension 35°

Palpation

  1. Tibial tuberosity & fibular head
  2. Tibial crest & knee joint line
  3. Lat./Med. malleolus
  4. Navicular (tuberosity)
  5. Cuboid & cuneiforms
  6. Talus (head, neck, trochlea)
  7. Calcaneus
  8. Sustentaculum tali
  9. Metatarsals
  10. Phalanges (MP / PIP / DIP joints)
  11. Sinus tarsi
  12. Ant. talofibular lig.
  13. Calcaneofibular lig.
  14. Post. talofibular lig.
  15. Spring ligament
  16. Deltoid ligament
  17. Subtalar joint
  18. Midtarsal joint
  19. Tarsometatarsal joints
  20. Gastrocnemius/soleus
  21. Achilles tendon
  22. TDH muscles (Tib post, flex Digi & Hal)
  23. Tarsal tunnel (tibial nerve)
  24. Fibularis L., B. & tertius muscles
  25. Tib. ant., EHL, EDL muscles
  26. Plantar fascia & muscles
  27. Tibial & dorsal pedal pulse

Read Muscle Manual – Knee Ankle Foot

  1. Anterior/Posterior drawer
  2. Dorsiflexion test
  3. Homan’s sign
  4. Tinel’s (peroneal nerves)
  5. Thompson’s Squeeze test
  6. Rigid supple pes planus
  7. Talar tilt test
  8. Metatarsal squeeze test
  9. Tibial Torsion test


Read Orthopedic Assessment – Leg Ankle Foot

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